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The two separate categories of impaired glucose homeostasis (impaired glucose metabolism) are impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). It is important to note that IGT and IFG are now termed pre diabetes and are considered risk factors for the potential onset of diabetes.
These categories (See Table 3) designate blood glucose levels between "normal" and diabetic. Persons with impaired glucose homeostasis are at risk for developing diabetes. (Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) test is described here.
Table3: Impaired Glucose Homeostasis (19,48)
Category
 |
Level
|
| Normal Fasting Glucose |
FPG < 100 mg/dL |
| Impaired Fasting Glucose |
FPG  100 and < 126 mg/dL |
| Impaired Glucose Tolerance after OGTT |
FPG 140 but < 200mg/dL |
The current upper limit of normal is a fasting glucose concentration of 100mg/dL. IFG occurs when fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is 100 mg/dL but < 126 mg/dL.
IGT is 140 but < 200 mg/dL (results of the oral glucose tolerance test in the two hour sample).
The cutoff point for "normal" at 100 mg/dL is due to the belief that microvascular complications arise at this blood glucose level. Researchers suggest that by separating individuals at the 100 mg/dL point might prevent later complications. (19)
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