The Dental Learning Network

Halitosis: Breath Behaving Badly

End Notes


Chapter 1: Oral Microflora and Volatile Compounds

Chapter 2: Diagnosis of Bad Breath

Chapter 3: Oral Hygiene to Reduce Halitosis

Chapter 4: Other Sources of Bad Breath

Chapter 5: Conclusions

Bibliography

Appendices

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  1. Tonzetich, J. "Preface" In Bad Breath: Research Perspectives.

  2. Rosenberg, M. "Clinical assessment of bad breath: current concepts."

  3. Rosenberg, M. "Introduction" In Bad Breath: Research Perspectives.

  4. Yaegaki, K.; Sanada, K. "Biochemical and clinical factors influencing oral malodor in periodontal patients."

  5. Kleinberg, I. and Codipilly, M. "The biological basis of oral malodor formation." In Bad Breath: Research Perspectives.

  6. De Boever, E. and Loesche, W. "Assessing the contribution of anaerobic microflora of the tongue to oral malodor."

  7. Persson, S.; Edlund, M.; Claesson, R. Carlsson, J. "The formation of hydrogen sulfide and methyl-mercaptan by oral bacteria." and Claesson, R.; Edlund, M.; Persson, S.; Carlsson, J. "The production of volatile sulfur compounds by various Fusobacterium species."

  8. Loesche, W.; De Boever, E. "Strategies to identify the main microbial contributors to oral malodor."

  9. Goldberg, S.; Kozlovsky, A.; Rosenberg, M.; "Diamines and oral malodor." In Bad Breath: Research Perspectives.

  10. Miyazaki, Sakao, Katoh, Takehara. "Correlations between volatile sulphur compounds and certain oral health measurements in the general population."

  11. Rosenberg, M. et al "Reproducibility and sensitivity of oral malodor measurements with a portable sulphide monitor."

  12. Yaegaki, K. "Oral malodor and periodontal disease." In Bad Breath: Research Perspectives."

  13. McCulloch, C. and Bosy, A. "Relationship of oral malodor and periodontitis."

  14. Rosenberg, M. and Leib, E. "Experiences of an Israeli malodor clinic."

  15. Miyazaki, H. et al, "Tentative classification of halitosis and its treatment needs." In Yaegaki, K. Coil, J.M. "Examination, classification, and treatment of halitosis; clinical perspectives."J Can Dent Assoc. 2000; May;66(5):257-61.

  16. Yaegaki, K. Coil, J.M. "Examination, classification, and treatment of halitosis; clinical perspectives."J Can Dent Assoc. 2000; May;66(5):257-61.

  17. Foster, D. "Limitations of subjective measurement of odor."; Guadagni, D. "Requirements for coordination of instrumental and sensory techniques."; and Langenau, E. "Correlation of objective-subjective methods as applied to the perfumery and cosmetics industries." All In: Correlation of Subjective-Objective Methods in the Study of Odors and Taste.

  18. Rosenberg, M.; Kulkarni, G.; Bosy, A.; McCulloch, C. "Reproductibility and sensitivity of oral malodour measurements with a portable sulphide monitor."

  19. Guadagni, D. "Requirements for coordination of instrumental and sensory techniques." In: Correlation of Subjective-Objective Methods in the Study of Odors and Taste.

  20. Rosenberg, M. "Current Concepts in Clinical Assessment of Bad Breath"

  21. Wilkins, E. Clinical Practice of the Dental Hygienist. 7th Edition.

  22. Bass, C.C. "An effective method of personal oral hygiene." J. Louisiana State Med. Soc. Mar 1954; 106: 100.

  23. Rosenberg, M. "Introduction" In Bad Breath: Research Perspectives

  24. Preti, Lawlwy, Hormann, Cowar, Feldman, Lowry and Young "Non-oral and oral aspect of oral malodor."

  25. This list of do's and don'ts is the work Dr. Mel Rosenberg, of Tel Aviv University, Israel with help from Dr Stephen Porter and Dr Philip Stemmer. It can be found on the bad breath internet site. Most of the information in this sheet is from his research.

  26. The American Dental Association web site: http://www.ada.org

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